CLASS A AIS POSITION REPORT (MESSAGES 1,2, AND 3)
A Class A AIS unit broadcasts the following information every 2 to 10 seconds while underway, and every 3 minutes while at anchor at a power level of 12.5 watts.
|
Parameter |
Number of bits |
Description |
|
Message ID |
6
|
Identifier for this message 1, 2 or 3 |
|
Repeat indicator |
2
|
Used by the repeater to indicate how many times a message has been repeated. See Section 4.6.1, Annex 2; 0-3; 0 = default; 3 = do not repeat any more |
|
User ID |
30
|
MMSI number |
|
Navigational status |
4
|
0 = under way using engine, 1 = at anchor, 2 = not under command, 3 = restricted maneuverability, 4 = constrained by her draught, 5 = moored, 6 = aground, 7 = engaged in fishing, 8 = under way sailing, 9 = reserved for future amendment of navigational status for ships carrying DG, HS, or MP, or IMO hazard or pollutant category C, high speed craft (HSC), 10 = reserved for future amendment of navigational status for ships carrying dangerous goods (DG), harmful substances (HS) or marine pollutants (MP), or IMO hazard or pollutant category A, wing in grand (WIG);
11-13 = reserved for future use,
14 = AIS-SART (active),
15 = not defined = default (also used by AIS-SART under test) |
Rate of turn
ROTAIS |
8
|
0 to +126 = turning right at up to 708 deg per min or higher
0 to -126 = turning left at up to 708 deg per min or higher Values between 0 and 708 deg per min coded by ROTAIS = 4.733 SQRT(ROTsensor) degrees per min
where ROTsensor is the Rate of Turn as input by an external Rate of Turn Indicator (TI). ROTAIS is rounded to the nearest integer value.
+127 = turning right at more than 5 deg per 30 s (No TI available)
-127 = turning left at more than 5 deg per 30 s (No TI available)
-128 (80 hex) indicates no turn information available (default).
ROT data should not be derived from COG information. |
|
SOG |
10
|
Speed over ground in 1/10 knot steps (0-102.2 knots)
1 023 = not available, 1 022 = 102.2 knots or higher |
|
Position accuracy |
1
|
The position accuracy (PA) flag should be determined in accordance with table below: 1 = high (= 10 m)
0 = low (= 10 m)
0 = default |
|
Longitude |
28
|
Longitude in 1/10 000 min (+/-180 deg, East = positive (as per 2's complement), West = negative (as per 2's complement).
181= (6791AC0h) = not available = default) |
|
Latitude |
27
|
Latitude in 1/10 000 min (+/-90 deg, North = positive (as per 2's complement), South = negative (as per 2's complement). 91deg (3412140h) = not available = default) |
|
COG |
12
|
Course over ground in 1/10 = (0-3599). 3600 (E10h) = not available = default. 3 601-4 095 should not be used |
|
True heading |
9
|
Degrees (0-359) (511 indicates not available = default) |
|
Time stamp |
6
|
UTC second when the report was generated by the electronic position system (EPFS) (0-59, or 60 if time stamp is not available, which should also be the default value, or 61 if positioning system is in manual input mode, or 62 if electronic position fixing system operates in estimated (dead reckoning) mode, or 63 if the positioning system is inoperative) |
|
special maneuvre indicator |
2
|
0 = not available = default
1 = not engaged in special maneuver
2 = engaged in special maneuver
(i.e.: regional passing arrangement on Inland Waterway) |
|
Spare |
3
|
Not used. Should be set to zero. Reserved for future use. |
|
RAIM-flag |
1
|
Receiver autonomous integrity monitoring (RAIM) flag of electronic position fixing device; 0 = RAIM not in use = default; 1 = RAIM in use. See Table |
|
Communication state (see below) |
19
|
See Rec. ITU-R M.1371-4 Table 46 |
|
Number of bits |
168
|
|
Communications State (19 bit field): The Communications State in Class A AIS Position Report messages is used in planning for the next transmission in order to avoiding mutual interference. It is inherent to the self organizing time division multiple access (SOTDMA) process. This information, along with the 6 bit time stamp information identified above, can also provide information on the existence of radio interference or other anomalies affecting reception of GPS signals in the local area. See below.Communications State
|
Parameter
|
Number of bits
|
Description
|
|
Sync state (see below)
|
2
|
0 UTC direct (sync from own integral GPS receiver)
1 UTC indirect (own GPS unavailable - UTC sync from GPS
receiver on nearby ship or base station)
2 Station is synchronized to a base station (base direct - GPS
unavailable).
3 Station is synchronized to another station based on the
highest number of received stations or to another mobile
station, which is directly synchronized to a base station (GPS
unavailable)
|
|
Slot time-out
|
3
|
Specifies frames remaining until a new slot is selected
0 means that this was the last transmission in this slot
1-7 means that 1 to 7 frames respectively are left until slot change
|
|
Sub message
|
14
|
The sub message depends on the current value in slot time-out as described in Table 19
|
Comm State Sync State (2 bit field)
Note Class B (CSTDMA) AIS devices always transmits 11 - semaphore sync mode.
Determination of position accuracy information
|
Accuracy status from RAIM
(for 95% of position fixes)(1)
|
RAIM flag
|
Differential correction status(2)
|
Resulting value of PA flag
|
|
No RAIM process available
|
0
|
Uncorrected
|
0 = low (>10 m)
|
|
EXPECTED RAIM error is < 10m
|
1
|
1 = high (<10 m)
|
|
EXPECTED RAIM error is > 10m
|
1
|
0 = low (>10 m)
|
|
No RAIM process available
|
0
|
Corrected
|
1 = high (<10 m)
|
|
EXPECTED RAIM error is < 10m
|
1
|
1 = high (<10 m)
|
|
EXPECTED RAIM error is > 10m
|
1
|
0 = low (>10 m)
|
|
(1) The connected GNSS receiver indicates the availability of a RAIM process by a valid GBS sentence of IEC 61162-1; in this case the RAIM-flag should be set to "1". The threshold for evaluation of the RAIM information is 10 m. The RAIM expected error is calculated based on the GBS parameters "expected error in latitude" and "expected error in longitude" using the following formula:
(2) The quality indicator in the position sentences of IEC 61162-1 received from the connected GNSS receiver indicates the correction status.
|
(Source : International Telecommunications Union Recommendation ITU-R M.1371-4)
|
